Japanese researchers have identified 25 new biomarkers for detecting cyanide poisoning, potentially making forensic investigations more reliable by analyzing metabolites instead of declining blood concentrations.

What happened: A team led by Kindai University professor Kei Zaitsu, working with the Aichi Prefectural Police Department, identified 25 compounds that distinguish cyanide-exposed subjects from unexposed ones with high precision. The study was published in an international toxicology journal in May. The researchers also tested 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (ATCA), a known cyanide metabolite, and found that dietary components have little effect on its production.

Why it matters: Cyanide is acutely toxic and has been used in murders and terrorist attacks, but detecting it is difficult because blood concentrations decline over time. These new biomarkers could improve forensic testing accuracy and, according to Professor Zaitsu, may deter crimes by making it clear that cyanide poisoning will not go undetected.

What to watch: The researchers plan to validate the biomarkers further using human autopsy samples and other specimens. Police forensic laboratory researcher Kazuaki Hisatsune stated the goal is to use ATCA and the newly identified biomarkers to achieve more accurate assessments in forensic work.