
What happened
Theory's 2026 AI Survey polled 455 senior technical builders and found security & governance jumped from sixth to first among AI pain points in twelve months, cited by 43%, with evals second at 22%.
Why it matters
Security has moved from a peripheral concern to the leading blocker these builders report when adopting AI.
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Theory's 2026 AI Survey, which drew replies from 455 senior technical builders, marks a shift from the previous edition. In 2025, the survey found that context limited AI performance; in 2026, that appears solved. The pain-point ranking moved sharply in the same period, with security & governance climbing from sixth to first in twelve months, ahead of evals, which came second at less than half that share.
On the tooling side, the survey points to concentration in one layer: of the 259 teams writing code with agents, 62% host their sandboxes on Cloudflare, three times the closest competitor. Cost optimisation and model selection now look standard, with 45% of teams routing queries across models.
Analysis of agent behaviour also appears to be converging. 56% of respondents use business intelligence tools, 48% rely on coding agents, and 41% use dedicated observability tools for the same job, while spreadsheets persist at 30%. Theory notes the full survey covers open versus closed source adoption, the rise of MCP, and still-early adoption of evals.
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