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RoboticsAI Regulation & PolicyThe Verge AIPublished: Oct 9, 2026, 06:00 JST

California sends cease-and-desist to Rek over human-vs-robot fight

California sends cease-and-desist to Rek over human-vs-robot fight

3 Key Points

  1. What happened

    The California State Athletic Commission sent a cease-and-desist letter to Rek CEO Cix Liv over a September 18th human-vs-robot fight, calling it 'unsanctioned' and ordering a halt to human-involving contests without approval.

  2. Why it matters

    Rek calls itself 'the humanoid robot fighting league', so a state regulator treating a human-vs-robot match as a regulated combat sport signals that such events may need the commission's approval in California.

WHO IT HITSStartups promoting robot combat events may need legal review, as a state athletic commission is treating a human-vs-robot match as a regulated contest in California.

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Context & Analysis

The September 18th match was not just a stunt; it was promoted by Rek, which describes itself on its website as 'the humanoid robot fighting league'. The robot in the fight appears to be one from EngineAI with a Terminator-like head swapped on top. When the California State Athletic Commission sent its cease-and-desist letter on September 30th, it specifically called the fight 'unsanctioned' and demanded that Liv and Rek stop 'holding, promoting or advertising any boxing or mixed martial arts contest match, or exhibition, involving any human' in California without the commission's approval. That wording suggests the commission views a human fighting a remotely piloted robot as falling under its oversight. Liv's reaction, 'We made it boys,' indicates he sees the regulatory attention as a milestone rather than a setback. Rek's next planned match, set for Friday, will feature two robots with weapons fighting each other, which may avoid the commission's concern about contests involving a human.

FAQ
Who was the human fighter?
Frankie LaPenna fought against a humanoid robot owned by Rek in the September 18th match.
How was the robot controlled?
The robot was piloted by a human using a 'remote virtual-reality system', according to The New York Times.
How did Rek react to the letter?
CEO Cix Liv posted the letter on X on September 30th and said, 'We made it boys.'

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